The U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) has issued a warning regarding the surge in Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) cases, raising concerns about the bacterial disease transmitted by ticks. This unexpected alert follows five hospitalizations and three fatalities reported since July, all linked to travel in the Baja California region of Mexico, where the disease is endemic (Source: Healthline).
Dr. William Schaffner, a professor of infectious diseases at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, expressed his surprise at the CDC report, emphasizing the alarming fatality rate associated with the infection. The disease, named for the rash it causes, is typically transferred by ticks, with varying species involved across different regions of the United States.
While commonly associated with Rocky Mountain states, RMSF has been identified in the Eastern, Central, and Western U.S., with transmission occurring through ticks like the American dog tick and the brown dog tick in the southwestern U.S. Certain populations, including children under 10, individuals with specific enzyme deficiencies, and those without prompt diagnosis and treatment, face a higher risk of severe disease.
RMSF progresses rapidly, and medical professionals are urged to recognize that a rash may not always manifest, necessitating vigilant monitoring for other symptoms. Travelers to endemic areas are advised to be aware of the risks and take precautions, such as avoiding tick-prone areas and treating clothing with insect deterrents. The CDC recommends conducting thorough tick checks after being in areas where ticks are prevalent.
In the event of a tick bite, the CDC provides guidelines:
- For safe removal using tweezers,
- emphasizing a steady, upward pull without twisting or jerking.
- After removal, proper cleaning with rubbing alcohol or soap and water is crucial to prevent infection.
- Live ticks should be disposed of carefully, either in alcohol, a sealed bag, wrapped in tape, or flushed down the toilet.
Although the tick season associated with RMSF is currently out of phase in the United States, travelers to endemic regions are urged to remain vigilant for symptoms and promptly report any signs to their healthcare providers, accompanied by details of their travel history upon returning to the country. The CDC’s proactive recommendations aim to enhance public awareness and preventive measures against this fatal tick-borne illness.
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